Telephone-transmitter.



C. D. HERROLD & E. A. B. PORTAL.

TELEPHONE TRANSMITTER.

APPLICATION FILED JAN. :2. 1914.

1,165,255, Patented Dec. 21, 1915,

r Emile (d ,forial. w z fli/ia CHARLES D. HERROLD AND EMILE A. B.PORTAL, OF SAN'J'OSE, CALIFORNIA.

TELEIHONE-TRANSMITTER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Dcc.21, 1915.

Application filed January 12;. 1914. Serial No. 811,569.

and EMILE A. B. PORTAL, citizens of the United States, residing at SanJose, in the county of Santa Clara and State of Cali} fornla, haveinvented new and useful Improvements in Telephone-Transmitters, of

which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to a wireless telephone transmitter. 1

It is the object of this invention toconstruct a telephone transmitterhaving a single diaphragm to which is attached, in a concentric circle.position between the center .of the diphragm and the periphery, aInlll' tiple set of electrode chambers.

Another object of the invention is to prevent overheating of thetransmitter by providing a water circulating system, which is soconstructed that'each pair of electrodes is individually cooled bycirculating water.

Further objects will hereinafter appear.

The invention consists of the parts and the construction and combinationof parts as hereinafter more fully described and claimed, havingreference to the accompanying drawings, in which Figure 1 is a centralsection of the transmitter. Fig. 2 is a detail side elevation, showingthe adjustment of the resistance cells to the ,diphragm and theconductor connecting the upper electrodes. Fig. 3 is a plan section online X-X, Fig 1. Fig. l is a front view of the transmitter, showing thefront cover and mouthpiece removed. I

Referring tothe drawings, A indicates the main casing of thetransmitter, which is circular in cross. section, as shown in Fig. 3,and provided with threads on its outer edge for the purpose of receivingand retaining a front cover 2 and mouthpiece of any suitableconstruction.

'Interposed between the outer edge'of the culating or cooling chambers,generally indicated at 6,,have been provided, through which coolingchamber water is conveyed by a hollow metal tube 7 communicating withthe first of the water circulating chambers indicated at 8.. From herethe water passes out through a rubber tube .9 and enters a secondsimilar chamber 10, from where it discharges through a metal tube 11into a third' chamber 12. The water then passes out through a secondrubber tube 13 and enters a fourth chamber 14, from where it dischargesthrough a metal tube 15 into a fifth chamber 16. From here the water isconveyed through a third rubber tube 17 to the sixth chamber 18, fromwhere it is finally discharged through a central metal tube 19. Theupper ends of the circulating or coollng chambers are provided. withsockets '20 into which the lower terminals 5 of the cells 4 1.7101601;and in which they are adjustably secured by set-screws 21. Themetal'tubes 7, 9,11 and 15 are provided for the purpose ofelectricallyconnecting the cooling chambers to which the resistancecells are secured, while the metal strips 23, 24 and 25, indicated inFigs. 2 and 4, are provided for the purpose of connecting the upperterminals '26 of the cells.

andjthe third resistancecell 4, upper terminal 26'? and the secondconnecting strip 24 which connects it with the fourth re-' sistance cell4. The current then passes down through the resistance cell 4, lowerterminal 5 of same, circulating chamber 16, tube 15. circulating chamber14, lower terminal 5 and then through the fifth resistance cell,indicated at 4, from where it passesthrough the upper terminal 26 andconnecting strip 25 which connects it with the sixth resistance cell,indicated all 4 From here the current is finally passed through thelower terminal 5 of said cell,

circulating chamber 18 and the circuit electrical connections for aseries circuit passing through the resistance cells. These,

in connection with the upper connected strips 23,2i audit), will thuscompletethe circuit. Any heat, due to the passing of heavy currentsthrough the carbon of the resistance cells, will be quickly radiatedthrough the lower terminals 5 of the variouscells and quickly dissipatedby the circulating medium.

\Vhile we have here shown the resistance cells connected on a seriescircuit, we also wish it understood that,'when handling directly theheavy currents of the primary oscillating circuit, itis also possible toparallelly connect the electrical connections of the individual cells,thus making it possibleto make a direct insertion on the circuit.

By providing the metal connecting tubes for the purpose of conveyingcirculating water, as well as current, from one chamber to another, itbecomes possible to thereby decrease impedance, capacity and leakagelosses. The looping of the connections formed by the rubber tubes thatare used to convey water only from one chamber to another acts as achoke thus minimizing conduction losses through thewater line.

.For the purpose of thoroughly insulating the various cooling chambersand resistance cellsv a suitable insulating plate, indi-' cated at 29,has been provided to which the circu1ating, chambers are secured in anysuitable manner or by the screws, indicated at 3Q. The" upper terminalsof the electrodes are mounted in insulating bushings 31 and secured bynuts or equivalent means, as 32, The diaphragm itself being furtherinsulated by being mounted in gaskets 3 3, interposed between the outeredge of the main casing and the cover 2, will thus minimize anyradiation or leakage of current.

By'placing the resistance cells in a concentric circle, at a pointmidway-between the center and the periphery of the dia phragm, thegreatest sensibility is secured consistent with mechanicalpossibilities, it

through some secondary being impossible to connect the cells to thediaphragm at its center point except diaphragm or vig brating memberwith resultant losses due to inertia. Further sensibility may be securedby adjusting theposition of the resistance cells through the medium ofthe adjusting screws 21. By raising or lowering the cells within thesocket chambers it becomes possible tovincrease or decrease the pressureor tension between the main diaphragm 3 and 7 Patent isthe secondarydiaphragms in the cell. This adjustment has proven of great value as thepoint of most sensitive vibration-transmission may thus be secured.

In operation, after securing the point of most sensitive vibrationtransmission between the main' diaphragm and the secondary diaphragms ofthe resistance cells, it can easily be-seen that sound waves impingingupon the diaphragm' will be easily picked up by the secondary diaphragmsof the resistance cells as these are equidistantly placed around thecenter of the. diaphragm at the point of maximum vibration. Furthermore,since the cells are disposed at equal distances from each other and fromthe center of the diaphragm there is equality of vibration. and notendency to difference of acoustic phase with consequent confusion. Ithas also been found that there is less tending to nodal vibration.Clearness of enunciation and the least amount of distortion is ,thussecured. The electrical current'flow passing between the upperelectrodesfof the cells and the lower terminals carried by thecirculating chambers are so insulated that the circuit is almostentirely confined to the electrodes and the granular carbon. Thusleakage losses are greatly minimized and no part of the casing ordiaphragm is subjected to current action.

By providing atransmitter constructed as here shown, it becomes possibleto increase its capacity for handling energy by either paralleling theconnections of the resistance cells or by increasing the number of sameinseries. Furthermore, itcan be seen that the position of thecirculating chambers, generally indicated at 6, issuch thatoverheating'of the cells or the transmitter, as a whole is entirelyeliminated, thus further permitting heavy currents to pass through thecells of the transmitter.

The materials and finish of the several parts of the apparatus are suchas experience and judgment of the manufacturer may dictate.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim and desire to secureby Letters 1. A telephone transmitter comprising in combination acasing, a diaphragm, a series of resistance cells individually attachedto the diaphragm and each having fixed front and rear electrodes, aseries ot'ind'ependent water circulatingchambers mqunted'in the casing,and means for adjustably and independently securing the rear fixedelectrodes of the cells 'to the circulating chambers.

2. A telephone transmitter including, in combination, a casingyadiaphragm, a series of resistance cells attached .to'the latter, aseries of fluid circulating chambers. metal tubes connecting certain oftheclmmbers in pairs, means connecting the cells to the chambers, andcurrent conductors connecting the resistance cells in pairs whereby thefirst-mentioned pairs of chambers are connected electrically.

3. A telephone transmitter comprising in combination, a casing, adiaphragm, a series of resistance cells individuallyattached to thediaphragm, a series of pairs of water circulating chambers mounted onthe casing and insulated from same, rubber tubes connecting the chambersin pairs, metal tubes, each of which connects a chamber of one pair to achamber of another pair, means for adjustably securing the lowerterminals of the cells to the circulating chambers, and currentconductors connecting the upper terminals of alternate pairs ofresistance cells.

4. In combination with a telephone transmitter casing and diaphragm, aseries of resistance cells each of which is rigidly connected at one endto the diaphragm and has a terminal projecting outwardly from itsopposite end, and an individual cooling chamber one for each cellsecured to the casing and having sockets to receive said terminals. Y

5. In combination with a telephone transmitter casing and diaphragm. aseries of resistance cells each of which is rigidly connected at one endto the diaphragm and has av terminal projecting outwardly from itsopposite end, an individual cooling chamher for each cell secured to thecasing and having a socket to receive the cell terminal,

and means to adjustably and rigidly secure the terminal of each cell inits individual socket.

6. A telephone transmitter including, in combination, acasing, adiaphragm, a series of resistance cells attached to the latter, a seriesof fluid circulating chambers, metal tubes connecting certain of thechambers in pairs, looped flexible tubes establishing communicationbetween chambers not connected with each other by metal tubes, meansmounting the cells on the chambers, and current conductors connectingthe resistance cells in pairs, the chambers supporting the ,cells ofeach pair being unconnected by a metal tube.

7. In combination with the diaphragm of a telephone transmitter, aseries of resistance cells secured to the diaphragm, an individualcooling means-tor each cell, and means to adjustably secure each cell toits cooling means without affecting the cell structure.

8. In combination with the diaphragm of a telephone transmitter, aseries of resistance cells secured to the diaphragm, an individualcooling means for each cell, and means to interconnect all of thecooling means and to cause cooling fluid to circulate from one toanother of said cooling means.

9. In combination with the diaphragm of a telephone transmitter, aseries of resistance cells secured to the diaphragm, an individualcooling means for each cell, means to adjustably secure each cell to itscooling means, and means to connect all of the cooling means whereby thecooling fluid may circulate from one to the other.

v 10. In combination with the diaphragm of a telephone transmitter, aseries of resistance cells secured to the diaphragm, and an individualcombined cooling means and holder provided with a socket for each cellto rigidly support the latter.

11. In combination with the casing and diaphragm of a telephonetransmitter. a series of resistance cellssecured to the diaphragm, anindividual cooling means arranged within the casing for each cell, andtubes arranged within the casing to interconnect all. of the coolingmeans and to cause cooling fluid to circulatetrom one to another of saidcooling means.

In testimony whereof we have hereunto set our hands in the presence oftwo subscribing witnesses.

CHAS. l). HERROLD. EMILE A. B. I( )RTAL.

\Vitnesses G150. B. Kmmooo, CHAS. J. -Moomc.

